A composite indicator reflecting the relative flood risk within urban areas by taking into account the natural exposure (predicted flooded area and mean depth), and the sensitivity of the city to flooding (population and infrastructure affected).

Annual rate of change in urban population proportion - proportion of the population living in Local Administrative Units - 2 (LAU2s) classified as cities, towns and suburbs. Classification of LAU2s as cities, towns and suburbs is based on the LUISA degree of u...

The indicator shows the spatial distribution of PM25 (sub-25µm particulate matter) emissions over Europe. The total emissions for each country are derived from the GAINS model. This is the first version of the dataset (1.0) and it has not been extensively vali...

Public, local, nature-based, outdoor recreational activities include a wide variety of practices ranging from walking, jogging or running in the closest green urban area or at the river/lake/sea shore, riding bike in nature after work, picnicking, observing fl...

The indicator shows the spatial distribution of PM10 (sub-10µm particulate matter) emissions over Europe. The total emissions for each country are derived from the GAINS model. This is the first version of the dataset (1.0) and it has not been extensively vali...

Population weighted density refers to a metric which measures the density at which the average citizen lives. It is calculated by taking weighted average of the density of all parcels of land that make up a city, with each parcel weighted by its population (us...

Green Infrastructure (GI) is defined as a strategically planned and delivered network of high quality green spaces and other environmental features that are structurally and functionally “interconnected and therefore bring added benefits and are more resilient...

Total population divided by total area (person/km2). This indicator is calculated by dividing the projected population in a region by the total area of the region.

This indicator sums up populations (total number of inhabitants) issued from LUISA model runs at a specified administrative level.

A functional urban area consists of a city plus its commuting zone. This was formerly known as LUZ (larger urban zone). The source for the boundaries is: EuroGeographics Association for the administrative boundaries and DG REGIO.

This indicator measures the quality of bathing waters. It is calculated as the share of sampled bathing water sites that are classified as "excellent" within a tourist destination. The measurement criterion is based on the presence of significant polluting sub...

Built-up areas measures the total built-up area as a share of the total surface area of land in the country expressed in percentage. The indicator presents data for the year 2010, 2020, 2030, 2040 and 2050 at NUTSx for all EU 28 Member States.

The residential areas per inhabitant indicator measures the land consumption by comparing the size of the urban fabric with the population expressed in sq. m per mn inhabitants (m2 per person). The level of detail of this indicator is per NUTS0 and NUTS2. Add...

Historical (observations) data and projections (modelled) of total employment per metro region (unit:employees). Historical regional data were extracted from EUROSTAT's online database and missing data were calculated in order to complete the historical series...

The indicator measures the capacity of ecosystems to avoid soil erosion assigning values ranging from 0 to 1 at pixel level, covering the EU-28 territory. This indicator is related to the capacity of a given land cover type to provide soil protection.The level...

The indicator reflects productivity in terms of water use, so gives a measure of a country's water use efficiency.

This descriptor measures the degree of fall and recovery of tourism demand after the breakout of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is calculated as the proportion of nights spent in a given year in relation to the equivalent period in 2019 (baseline). A higher value i...

Soil retention, is calculated as soil loss without vegetation cover minus soil loss including the current land use/cover pattern. Specifically, this indicator takes into account climate data (observed measurements for rainfall and modelled for snow), topograph...

The built-up area per inhabitant measure the land consumption by comparing the size of the built-up areas with the population expressed in sq. m per inhabitant (m2 per person). The level of detail of this indicator is per NUTS0 and NUTS2. Additional Publicati...